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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Smoking in Japan ： ウィキペディア英語版 Smoking in Japan Smoking in Japan, though historically less restricted by law than in many other nations, has significantly changed in recent years.〔Levin, Mark, Tobacco Control Lessons from the Higgs Boson: Observing a Hidden Field Behind Changing Tobacco Norms in Japan. American Journal of Law and Medicine, 39 (2013): 471-489. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2230999〕 Tobacco use has been in constant decline since 1996 and the decline has been accelerating in recent years. Consumption of cigarettes in 2012 was 197.5 billion sticks, roughly 57% of the peak figure in 1996 and a number last seen in 1968.〔Levin, Tobacco Control Lessons (2013) at 473, 484.〕 In 2014, the adult smoking rate was 19.7%, 30.3% of Japanese men and 9.8% of Japanese women;〔http://news.yahoo.com/japans-smoking-rate-drops-record-low-063320045.html〕 this is the lowest recorded figure since Japan Tobacco began surveying in 1965. , nearly 30 million people smoke in Japan, making the country one of the world's larger tobacco markets ==History== Until 1985, the tobacco industry was a government-run monopoly; the government of Japan is still involved in the industry through the Ministry of Finance, which after a sell-off in March 2013, now owns only one third of Japan Tobacco's outstanding stock, and the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare, which is active in public health and other tobacco control policy making.〔Levin, Tobacco Control Lessons (2013) at 474, 480-481.〕 The Diet of Japan has many MPs who have interests in the tobacco industry and thus tobacco control legislation is uncommon. Non-smoking areas are becoming increasingly common in Japan, in homes, offices, restaurants, fast-food eateries, "family restaurants," pachinko parlors, and public areas.〔Levin, Tobacco Control Lessons (2013) at 485.〕 Kanagawa Prefecture enacted Japan's first smoke-free public places ordinance in 2009 and Hyogo Prefecture followed with a similar law in 2012.〔Id. at 481-482.〕 All trains either have non-smoking cars or are completely smoking-free, as are many train station platforms in urban areas.〔(JR East: Concerning the separation of smoking and non-smoking areas ) 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Smoking in Japan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.